Intrusion detection is an essential aspect of security systems, and while Arduino is not typically used for complex intrusion detection systems due to its limited processing power and memory, it can still be effectively used for basic intrusion detection tasks. This article will guide you through creating a simple intrusion detection system using an Arduino board.

Examples:

Hardware Components Required:

1. Arduino Uno or any other compatible board
2. PIR Motion Sensor
3. Buzzer
4. LED
5. Connecting wires
6. Breadboard

Step-by-Step Guide:

1. Connect the PIR Motion Sensor:

   • Connect the VCC pin of the PIR sensor to the 5V pin on the Arduino.
   • Connect the GND pin of the PIR sensor to the GND pin on the Arduino.
   • Connect the OUT pin of the PIR sensor to digital pin 2 on the Arduino.

2. Connect the Buzzer:

   • Connect one terminal of the buzzer to digital pin 8 on the Arduino.
   • Connect the other terminal to the GND pin on the Arduino.

3. Connect the LED:

   • Connect the anode (longer leg) of the LED to digital pin 13 on the Arduino.
   • Connect the cathode (shorter leg) to the GND pin on the Arduino through a 220-ohm resistor.

4. Arduino Code:

#define PIR_SENSOR_PIN 2
#define BUZZER_PIN 8
#define LED_PIN 13

void setup() {
  pinMode(PIR_SENSOR_PIN, INPUT);
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  int sensorValue = digitalRead(PIR_SENSOR_PIN);

  if (sensorValue == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Motion Detected!");
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
    delay(1000); // Alarm duration
  } else {
    digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
  }
}

Explanation:

• The PIR sensor detects motion and sends a HIGH signal to the Arduino.
• When motion is detected, the Arduino activates the buzzer and LED for one second.
• The system continuously monitors for motion and responds accordingly.

Limitations:

• This setup is suitable for small-scale applications and may not be robust enough for comprehensive security systems.
• The PIR sensor can only detect motion within a certain range and angle.

Alternatives:

For more advanced intrusion detection systems, consider using Raspberry Pi or integrating Arduino with other systems that can handle complex data processing, such as connecting to a server for logging and analysis.